Matteo Sala, Roberto Artuso
In the framework of Standard-like maps, we find an efficient scalar algorithm to compute finite time Lyapunov exponents (FTLE) and Oseledets' splitting (or covariant Lyapunov vectors, CLV); by connecting such procedure to invariant manifolds for generic non-fixed points (covariant curves), we find explicit approximations for tangent vectors (i.e. CLV) and manifold curvatures. In the appendix we generalize the numerical algorithm to any differentiable map of the plane.
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http://arxiv.org/abs/1203.4187
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