1102.0832 (Liren Lin et al.)

Proofs of some simplified characterizations of the ground states of
spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates    [PDF]

Liren Lin, I-Liang Chern

We justify some characterizations of the ground states of spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates exhibited from numerical simulations. For ferromagnetic systems, we show the validity of the single-mode approximation (SMA). For an antiferromagnetic system with nonzero magnetization, we prove the vanishing of the $m_F=0$ component. In the end of the paper some remaining degenerate situations are also discussed. The proofs of the main results are all based on a simple observation, that a redistribution of masses among different components will reduce the kinetic energy.

View original: http://arxiv.org/abs/1102.0832